Accept a pretraining artifact with reproducible evidence
Connect configuration and data manifests to objective fixtures, fixed evaluation, complete checkpoint state, and a demonstrated recovery drill.
On this page
The question for today
What you’ll understand
- Inventory the artifacts and state needed to interpret and resume a run.
- Distinguish integrity, load success, and recovery-equivalence evidence.
- Calculate accepted versus physically processed exposure after a controlled restart.
A pretraining release is more than a weight file with an attractive final loss. A reviewer needs to know what task was trained, which data and representation defined it, which updates produced it, and what evidence supports evaluation and recovery claims. Acceptance should connect those facts through immutable identifiers and reproducible checks. The goal is a bounded, inspectable artifact: one whose provenance, behavior, and operational limits can be assessed without reconstructing the author's memory of the run.
Bind weights to the experiment they actually represent
Record the model architecture and parameter mapping, source revision, dependency and device environment, tokenizer artifact, corpus release and split references, serialization and packing policy, objective masks, precision settings, optimizer, applied schedule convention, and mixture history. Include successful update count and the token ledgers defined earlier. Digests help identify exact files and detect changes relative to recorded bytes; they do not prove that source permissions, labels, or scientific conclusions are correct. Those claims need their own provenance and review evidence.
Attach small objective fixtures showing target shifts, document isolation, token-count normalization, and schedule boundaries. Save evaluation document and context policies with domain numerators, valid counts, and the aggregation method. State intended use and known limits rather than converting a next-token metric into a guarantee about every downstream behavior. Model Cards provides an original framework for reporting model context and evaluation, while the experiment manifest supplies the concrete identities needed to reproduce this particular training and acceptance record.
Recovery requires more state than inference
An inference artifact may need only weights, tokenizer, and serving configuration. Faithful training continuation also needs the relevant optimizer moments, scheduler progress, scaler state when used, random-generator states, data and sampler cursors, mixture phase, and any in-flight accumulation state at the chosen checkpoint boundary. Decide whether checkpoints occur only after completed updates or explicitly preserve partial work. Restoring weights at one update with a data cursor from another can silently skip or repeat examples and break the claimed trajectory.
PyTorch 2.9 distributed-checkpoint documentation describes saving selected distributed state and distinguishes asynchronous staging from save completion. It does not automatically invent missing application state or guarantee cross-version compatibility. A successful load verifies only part of recovery. Run a controlled restore drill: compare the next batch identities, applied rates, valid counts, and subsequent updates with a reference under the documented environment. Exact bitwise continuation may be an appropriate narrow oracle, while a changed backend may require a declared numerical and behavioral comparison instead.
Publish claims that match the acceptance tests
Require complete artifact availability, integrity checks against the manifest, objective and normalization fixtures, fixed-domain evaluation, and the restore drill defined for the release. Record failures and accepted limitations with ownership rather than erasing them from the report. A demonstration on one topology does not establish restore behavior on every topology, and seeds alone do not guarantee identical results across releases or devices. PyTorch's reproducibility guidance explicitly scopes those guarantees; the acceptance record should be equally precise.
The cache lab is a deterministic fixture for reproducing one trace from a complete initial state. Reset, set both C=4,s=4, predict twelve hits after the initial sixteen requests, then take one Step for seventeen requests and thirteen hits. Reset and set both C=4,s=4 again to reproduce the same trace. The model caps at 4,096 requests and has no checkpoint serializer, optimizer, RNG, data cursor, or asynchronous storage. It illustrates a repeatable oracle, not evidence that a real training checkpoint has captured all necessary state.
Work it through
Account for a restart without inventing extra accepted progress
A controlled run has a complete checkpoint after update 1,000 and two million accepted valid targets. Every later applied update uses two thousand valid targets. It crashes after update 1,030, then restores update 1,000 and exactly replays those thirty updates under the fixture's deterministic-state assumptions.
Before the crash, the trajectory reaches 2,000,000+30×2,000=2,060,000 valid targets. The checkpoint still represents only the earlier two million.
Restoring and replaying thirty updates processes another 60,000 targets. Once the reference trajectory is reproduced, accepted progress is again update 1,030 and 2,060,000 targets, not update 1,060.
Physical processing across the original work and replay totals 2,120,000 targets, of which 60,000 is extra recovery processing in this chosen ledger. Verify batch identities, schedule and state rather than assuming a successful weight load proves the replay matches.
Accepted trajectory exposure is 2.06 million while physical target processing is 2.12 million. This exact-match claim is limited to the declared controlled recovery fixture.
The living notebook
Explore the model
Interactive lab · cache
Reproduce a deterministic trace from the same complete setup
Reset → set both C=4,s=4; predict twelve hits at sixteen initial requests, then Step once for seventeen requests and thirteen hits. Reset and set both C=4,s=4 again to reproduce it. The capped LRU model has no training checkpoint, optimizer, RNG, data cursor, or storage completion protocol.
- Hits / requests
- 0 / 16
- Hit rate
- 0%
- Address-stream period
- 16 addresses
A fully associative LRU cache starts empty and requests address (i·s) mod 16. Hits move an address to the newest position; misses evict the oldest when full. Playback starts with 16 requests and adds two per second, capped at 4096 explicitly simulated requests. This toy stream is not a processor-cache benchmark. Parameter changes pause playback and recompute the model at the current elapsed time. Reset restores both parameters and returns time to zero. Playback starts paused. Adjust either parameter, then choose Play or Step.
Look forA recovery claim needs a concrete oracle and the state required to reproduce it.
Pause & reason
Check your understanding
Your turn
Try it yourself
A release passes evaluation but its asynchronous checkpoint has completed only local staging, with upload still pending. May acceptance describe the recoverable remote artifact as complete, and what concrete evidence is missing?
Take a moment to make a prediction or work it out on paper. Open a hint when you need one.
Give me a hint
Distinguish a stable local copy, completed durable save according to the storage contract, and a tested restore of the intended manifest.
Compare with the solution
It should not describe the remote artifact as complete solely from local staging. Wait for the documented save completion, verify the expected manifest and shards at the intended storage boundary, and perform the scoped load or restore checks required by acceptance. Evaluation of in-memory weights does not prove those exact weights and associated training state were saved successfully. Report the completed evidence rather than inferring storage recovery from an unrelated quality result.
Keep the idea
Take it with you
- Release acceptance binds the trained objective, representation, data, environment, weights, and evaluation evidence.
- Training recovery needs complete scoped state and a demonstrated continuation oracle.
- Physical work, accepted trajectory progress, and integrity checks support different claims.
Read further
Original sources and deeper explanations to follow at your own pace.
Optional progress, saved in this browser when available. Revisit any lesson at any time.
Lesson not marked complete.